Hell: tartaroo, Hades and Gehenna (Hinnom)
Luk 16:14
And the Pharisees, who were lovers of money, heard all these things; and they scoffed at him.
Luk 16:19
19 Now there was a certain rich man, and he was clothed in purple and fine linen, faring sumptuously every day:
Who does the rich man represent in this parable? The Pharisees
Luk 16:20-21
20 and a certain beggar named Lazarus was laid at his gate, full of sores, 21 and desiring to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man's table; yea, even the dogs came and licked his sores.
Who eats crumbs that fall from the table?
Gentiles, per these verses:
Mar 7:25-30
25 But straightway a woman, whose little daughter had an unclean spirit, having heard of him, came and fell down at his feet. 26 Now the woman was a Greek, a Syrophoenician by race. And she besought him that he would cast forth the demon out of her daughter. 27 And he said unto her, Let the children first be filled: for it is not meet to take the children's bread and cast it to the dogs. 28 But she answered and saith unto him, Yea, Lord; even the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs. 29 And he said unto her, For this saying go thy way; the demon is gone out of thy daughter. 30 And she went away unto her house, and found the child laid upon the bed, and the demon gone out.
Luk 16:22-23
22 And it came to pass, that the beggar died, and that he was carried away by the angels into Abraham's bosom: and the rich man also died, and was buried. 23 And in Hades he lifted up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom.
Lazarus goes to Abraham's bosom
No other instance of it.
Jews think of themselves as sons of Abraham
Joh 8:39
They answered and said unto him, Our father is Abraham. Jesus saith unto them, If ye were Abraham's children, ye would do the works of Abraham.
John the Baptist says in Mat 3:9
think not to say within yourselves, "We have Abraham to our father"
So it's Lazarus, (the Gentiles), who is the son of Abraham, and not the rich man (Pharisee).
Rich man dies and is buried. Wonder what the significance is? Maybe it is showing the fact that even in death, he the rich man had more than Lazarus?
The rich man goes to Hades. And there he is in torments.
Important:
Torment G931 Basanos
Thayer Definition:
a touchstone, which is a black siliceous stone used to test the purity of gold or silver by the color of the streak produced on it by rubbing it with either metal
the rack or instrument of torture by which one is forced to divulge the truth
torture, torment, acute pains
of the pains of a disease
of those in hell after death
Hmmm. Wonder why that definition was chosen?
I suppose maybe that might fit the context best?
What if the definition should be the first one?
This may open up a completely different way of seeing this passage.
What if the testing of the gold and silver can also occur after death?
Maybe that is why the translators didn't use the first definition. Maybe they didn't think that God would still be testing after death. Maybe they thought God would just punish or torture forever with no desire to restoration?
Luke 16:24-25
24 And he cried and said, Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue; for I am in anguish in this flame. 25 But Abraham said, Son, remember that thou in thy lifetime receivedst thy good things, and Lazarus in like manner evil things: but now here he is comforted, and thou art in anguish.
Vs24 Send Lazarus to dip the tip of his finger in water? What water? The living water
Vs25 Ironically Abraham calls the rich man "son"
Vs25 So in life, Lazarus received evil things (of a bad nature) and the rich man received good things.
In life, Lazarus was tested. He was put to grief.
1Pe 1:6-7
6 Wherein ye greatly rejoice, though now for a little while, if need be, ye have been put to grief in manifold trials, 7 that the proof of your faith, being more precious than gold that perisheth though it is proved by fire, may be found unto praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ:
So in death Lazarus is comforted.
In life, the rich man received good things and wasn't tested (or proven by fire). Hence he is tested in Hades.
Remember: G931 Basanos
a touchstone, which is a black siliceous stone used to test the purity of gold or silver by the color of the streak produced on it by rubbing it with either metal
Here the rich man is receiving his testing after death.
So a man's work is tested by fire, one way or another
1Co 3:12-15
12 But if any man buildeth on the foundation gold, silver, costly stones, wood, hay, stubble; 13 each man's work shall be made manifest: for the day shall declare it, because it is revealed in fire; and the fire itself shall prove each man's work of what sort it is. 14 If any man's work shall abide which he built thereon, he shall receive a reward. 15 If any man's work shall be burned, he shall suffer loss: but he himself shall be saved; yet so as through fire.
Gold, silver, costly stone - makes it better
Wood, hay and stubble - burns it up and eliminates it
But he himself shall be saved yet so as through fire
Lazarus was tested in life via fire.
The rich man is tested in the fire after death to see what type of work he is, gold silver costly stones wood hay, or stubble. And it is painful.
Vs15 If any man's work shall be burned, he shall suffer loss: but he himself shall be saved; yet so as through fire.
2Ti 2:20-21
20 Now in a great house there are not only vessels of gold and of silver, but also of wood and of earth; and some unto honor, and some unto dishonor. 21 If a man therefore purge himself from these, he shall be a vessel unto honor, sanctified, meet for the master's use, prepared unto every good work.
In a great house there are vessels of honor and dishonor?
These verses cast doubt on the traditional view of hell, which says that God’s love for unbelievers ends at death.
Please note that Abraham has a loving and caring fatherly approach towards the rich man shown by Abraham calling him son.
We have been brought up thinking that after death, it is too late for people like the repentant rich man in this parable to receive the Living Water from Jesus who is the Saviour of Israel, and the Saviour of the whole world. Don't his mercies endure forever?
Luke 16:26-31
26 And besides all this, between us and you there is a great gulf fixed, that they that would pass from hence to you may not be able, and that none may cross over from thence to us. 27 And he said, I pray thee therefore, father, that thou wouldest send him to my father's house; 28 for I have five brethren; that he may testify unto them, lest they also come into this place of torment. 29 But Abraham saith, They have Moses and the prophets; let them hear them. 30 And he said, Nay, father Abraham: but if one go to them from the dead, they will repent. 31 And he said unto him, If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded, if one rise from the dead.
Nothing in this story says that the rich man will never get out of Hades.
But he stays where he is until the fire has done it's work.
Either he shall receive a reward or suffer loss: but he himself shall be saved; yet so as through fire.
Himmon in OT/Gehenna in NT
2Ki 23:10
And he defiled Topheth, which is in the valley of the children of Hinnom, that no man might make his son or his daughter to pass through the fire to Molech.
What did worship to Molech entail?
It is believed that idols of Moloch were giant metal statues of a man with a bull’s head. Each image had a hole in the abdomen and outstretched forearms that made a kind of ramp to the hole. A fire was lit in or around the statue and babies were placed in the statue’s arms or in the hole. When a couple sacrificed their firstborn, they believed that Moloch would ensure financial prosperity for the family and future children.
Topheth may be the exact location in the valley of Himmon where the children were sacrificed. Topheth means "place of fire"
This verse describes how King Josiah puts a halt to idolatry in the valley of Himmon.
Ironically it may have been Solomon who first built the idol to Molech.
1Ki 11:7
Then did Solomon build a high place for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, in the mount that is before Jerusalem, and for Molech the abomination of the children of Ammon.
2Ch 28:3 (Ahaz)
Moreover he burnt incense in the valley of the son of Hinnom, and burnt his children in the fire, according to the abominations of the nations whom Jehovah cast out before the children of Israel.
2Ch 33:6 (Manasseh)
He also made his children to pass through the fire in the valley of the son of Hinnom; and he practised augury, and used enchantments, and practised sorcery, and dealt with them that had familiar spirits, and with wizards: he wrought much evil in the sight of Jehovah, to provoke him to anger.
Jer 7:31 (children of Judah)
And they have built the high places of Topheth, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire; which I commanded not, neither came it into my mind.
Notice God's response here…
Judah built Topheth.
Topheth means "place of fire"
Remember Hinnom is Gehenna in the NT
Remember Gehenna is translated "hell" in NT
And here God says didn't command sons and daughters to be burned in the fire. It never came to His mind. Odd
So think what this is saying, God says he never thought of burning sons and daughters and the fire. It never entered his mind…What does burning your sons and daughters sound like??? Hell
Jer 7:32
Therefore, behold, the days come, saith Jehovah, that it shall no more be called Topheth, nor The valley of the son of Hinnom, but The valley of Slaughter: for they shall bury in Topheth, till there be no place to bury.
Here God is changing the name of the "valley of Himmon" to the "valley of slaughter"
Jer 19:2
and go forth unto the valley of the son of Hinnom, which is by the entry of the gate Harsith, and proclaim there the words that I shall tell thee;
Jer 19:3-5
3 and say, Hear ye the word of Jehovah, O kings of Judah, and inhabitants of Jerusalem: Thus saith Jehovah of hosts, the God of Israel, Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, which whosoever heareth, his ears shall tingle. 4 Because they have forsaken me, and have estranged this place, and have burned incense in it unto other gods, that they knew not, they and their fathers and the kings of Judah; and have filled this place with the blood of innocents, 5 and have built the high places of Baal, to burn their sons in the fire for burnt-offerings unto Baal; which I commanded not, nor spake it, neither came it into my mind:
Jer 19:6
therefore, behold, the days come, saith Jehovah, that this place shall no more be called Topheth, nor The valley of the son of Hinnom, but The valley of Slaughter.
God is changing the name of the valley of Hinnom to the valley of slaughter…
Here this is spoken a second time…
Jer 32:35
And they built the high places of Baal, which are in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to cause their sons and their daughters to pass through the fire unto Molech; which I commanded them not, neither came it into my mind, that they should do this abomination, to cause Judah to sin.
Back to God changing the name of "valley of Hinnom" to "valley of slaughter".
Zec 11:4-7
4 Thus said Jehovah my God: Feed the flock of slaughter; 5 whose possessors slay them, and hold themselves not guilty; and they that sell them say, Blessed be Jehovah, for I am rich; and their own shepherds pity them not. 6 For I will no more pity the inhabitants of the land, saith Jehovah; but, lo, I will deliver the men every one into his neighbor's hand, and into the hand of his king; and they shall smite the land, and out of their hand I will not deliver them. 7 So I fed the flock of slaughter, verily the poor of the flock. And I took unto me two staves; the one I called Beauty, and the other I called Bands; and I fed the flock.
God feeds the flock of slaughter. Is the flock of slaughter the same as those in the valley of slaughter? Not sure…
Gehenna in NT continued…
Mat_10:28
And be not afraid of them that kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul: but rather fear him who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.
Mat_18:9
And if thine eye causeth thee to stumble, pluck it out, and cast it from thee: it is good for thee to enter into life with one eye, rather than having two eyes to be cast into the hell of fire.
Mat_23:15
Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye compass sea and land to make one proselyte; and when he is become so, ye make him twofold more a son of hell than yourselves.
Mat_23:33
Ye serpents, ye offspring of vipers, how shall ye escape the judgment of hell?
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