1 Sam 2

 Quick review of Chapter 1

1. Hannah was the barren wife of Elkanah who was unable to bare children.

2. She was grieving and sorrowful because she had been teased and mocked by Penninah, Elkanah's other wife who was able to bare children.

3. Despite being loved more by Elkanah, she sought God with tears for a child of her own, man child.

4. Eli, the priest in Shiloh sees her, eventually recognizes that she isn't drunken and asks God to grant her request.

5. Hannah promises God that if he gives her a child that she will lend it back to him all the days it's life.

6. We find that within a year she has born the man child Samuel. But we also find that Samuel isn't brought back to the house of the Lord until he is weaned from her.

7. Once the child is weaned she brings him to the temple and gives him to Eli to raise and do God's bidding.

8. Hannah (which means grace), is a metaphor for the NT church. 

9. She is never able to bring a spiritual child into the world, in particular, an overcomer.

10. She, as the grieving, sorrowful, and sober bride is given the double portion from her husband. And as you know, the double portion is given on the day of vengeance, or the seventh day according to the Is 61.

11. So Hannah, the expectant,  grieving and mournful, 7th day bride of Christ finally has her long awaited man-child son, like the woman in Rev 12 eventually has her man-child son. 

12. Hannah doesn't give Samuel to the Lord as a milk drinking infant but as a solid food eater, signifying his full grown status of maturity. Hence the "man-child".

13. Chapter 2 continues on from here.

1Sa 2:1-3

1 And Hannah prayed, and said:  My heart exulteth in Jehovah;  My horn is exalted in Jehovah;  My mouth is enlarged over mine enemies;  Because I rejoice in thy salvation. 2 There is none holy as Jehovah;  For there is none besides thee,  Neither is there any rock like our God. 3 Talk no more so exceeding proudly;  Let not arrogancy come out of your mouth;  For Jehovah is a God of knowledge,  And by him actions are weighed.

Summary 

1. Vs1 Hannah (grace) prays:

1. My heart rejoices in the Lord?

*Think this as Hannah's words but also the words of the woman from Rev 12.

2. My horn is exalted?

My strength is exalted in God? What had been low is now high?

3. My mouth is enlarged over my enemies?

Her boldness and confidence in speech over her enemies has been increased? 

Who is her enemy? Peninnah?

4. Because I have rejoice in thy salvation? 

Salvation = yeshû‛âh

Greek translations have “Yeshua” listed as Yesous, among first century Greeks, of which the name, Jesus, is derived.

2. Vs2 Hannah (grace) continues

1. There is none holy as the Lord

2. There is none besides you

3. There is no rock like our God?

Seems Hannah was familiar with:

Deu 32:4 

The Rock, his work is perfect;  For all his ways are justice:  A God of faithfulness and without iniquity,  Just and right is he.

3. Vs3 Hannah continues..

1. Talk no more exceedingly proudly? Who? Peninnah?

2. Let not arrogance come out of your mouth?

3. Lord is a God of knowledge

4. And by him actions are weighed? Who? Peninnah?

1 Sam 2:4-7

4 The bows of the mighty men are broken;  And they that stumbled are girded with strength. 5 They that were full have hired out themselves for bread;  And they that were hungry have ceased to hunger:  Yea, the barren hath borne seven;  And she that hath many children languisheth. 6 Jehovah killeth, and maketh alive:  He bringeth down to Sheol, and bringeth up. 7 Jehovah maketh poor, and maketh rich:  He bringeth low, he also lifteth up. 

Summary

1. Vs4 The bows of the mighty men are broken. 

1. Who is this referring to? Peninnah 

2. Vs4 They that stumbled are girded with strength. 

1. Who is this referring to? Herself

3. Vs5  They that were full have hired out themselves for bread

1. Who is this referring to? 

The modern day church. Remember: 

Hannah (grace) is also a metaphor for the 7th day bride who has grieved and mourned for spiritual offspring.

4. Vs5 And they that were hungry have ceased to hunger

1. Who is this referring to? 

Those that are sitting in the modern day church system. Not even realizing their condition.

5. Vs5 The barren hath born seven.

1. Who is this referring to?

Herself and the 7th day bride

6. Vs5 she that hath many children languisheth.

1. Who is this referring to?

Peninnah and the modern day harlot church system

7. Vs6 The Lord kills and makes alive

1. Who is this referring to?

Jesus? Herself? Christ's body in earth that he raises up on the 3rd day?

8. Vs6 He brings down to Hades/Sheol and bringeth up.

1. Who is this referring to?

Jesus? Herself? Christ's body in earth that he raises up on the 3rd day?

9. Vs7 The Lord maketh poor, and maketh rich.

1. Who is this referring to? 

Certainly not Peninnah. Could be Hannah and the woman in Rev 12

10. Vs7 He brings low, he also lifts up.

1. Who is this referring to?

1. Certainly not Peninnah. Could be Hannah and the woman in Rev 12

1 Sam 2:8-10

8 He raiseth up the poor out of the dust,  He lifteth up the needy from the dunghill,  To make them sit with princes,  And inherit the throne of glory:  For the pillars of the earth are Jehovah's,  And he hath set the world upon them. 9 He will keep the feet of his holy ones;  But the wicked shall be put to silence in darkness;  For by strength shall no man prevail. 10 They that strive with Jehovah shall be broken to pieces;  Against them will he thunder in heaven:  Jehovah will judge the ends of the earth;  And he will give strength unto his king,  And exalt the horn of his anointed. 

Summary

1. Vs8 He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, He lifteth up the needy from the dunghill, to make them sit with princes and inherit the throne of glory.

Who are these? 

Jesus  and overcomers and you and I.

Luk 22:30 

that ye may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom; and ye shall sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

Rev 3:21 

He that overcometh, I will give to him to sit down with me in my throne, as I also overcame, and sat down with my Father in his throne. 

2. Vs8 …For the pillars of the earth are Lord's, And he hath set the world upon them.

The princes or governors of the earth, which are called the corners, or corner-stones, of a land or people, Jdg 20:2; 1Sa 14:38; Zep 3:6 (refs3), and are fitly called pillars, because they uphold the world, and keep it from sinking into confusion. See Psa 74:2; Jer 1:18; Rev 3:12 (refs3). And these are here said to be the Lord’s, by creation and constitution, because he advanceth them to their state, and preserves them in it, Pro 8:15,16 (refs2), and puts the world, or the kingdoms of the world, upon them, as burdens upon their shoulders: see Isa 9:6.

1. What are the pillars of the earth a description of?

2. Jer 1:18 

For, behold, I have made thee this day a fortified city, and an iron pillar, and brazen walls, against the whole land, against the kings of Judah, against the princes thereof, against the priests thereof, and against the people of the land.

3. Jer 51:26 (regarding Babylon)

And they shall not take of thee a stone for a corner, nor a stone for foundations; but thou shalt be desolate for ever, saith Jehovah.

4. Rev 3:12 

He that overcometh, I will make him a pillar in the temple of my God, and he shall go out thence no more: and I will write upon him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem, which cometh down out of heaven from my God, and mine own new name.

3. Vs9 He will keep the feet of his holy ones;  But the wicked shall be put to silence in darkness;  For by strength shall no man prevail.

Enormous promise to his holy ones (saints):

1. He will watch over the steps/path of his saints/holy ones

2. He shall put to silence the wicked in darkness

3. For by strength no man shall prevail. Whose strength? Probably their own?

4. Vs10 They that strive with Jehovah shall be broken to pieces;  Against them will he thunder in heaven:  Jehovah will judge the ends of the earth;  And he will give strength unto his king,  And exalt the horn of his anointed.

1 Sam 2:11-17

11 And Elkanah went to Ramah to his house. And the child did minister unto Jehovah before Eli the priest. 12 Now the sons of Eli were base men; they knew not Jehovah. 13 And the custom of the priests with the people was, that, when any man offered sacrifice, the priest's servant came, while the flesh was boiling, with a flesh-hook of three teeth in his hand; 14 and he struck it into the pan, or kettle, or caldron, or pot; all that the flesh-hook brought up the priest took therewith. So they did in Shiloh unto all the Israelites that came thither. 15 Yea, before they burnt the fat, the priest's servant came, and said to the man that sacrificed, Give flesh to roast for the priest; for he will not have boiled flesh of thee, but raw. 16 And if the man said unto him, They will surely burn the fat first, and then take as much as thy soul desireth; then he would say, Nay, but thou shalt give it me now: and if not, I will take it by force. 17 And the sin of the young men was very great before Jehovah; for the men despised the offering of Jehovah. 

Summary

1. Vs11 Elkanah goes back home to Ramah and Samuel stays with Eli and ministers unto the Lord.

2. Vs12 Eli's sons are worthless men who don't know God. 

1. What are their positions? Priests unto the Lord

3. Vs13-14 This was the priestly custom:

1. when someone offered a sacrifice, that person would boil the meat first…

2. Then the priests servant would come with a three pronged fork in his hand while the meat was boiling…

3. he would stick it into the pot and everything the fork brought up, the priest would take it for himself.

4. This seemed to be their custom at the time. 

5. But they did even worse. 

6. Before the person even began to boil their meat, the servant of the priest would say to the person "give me the meat. The priest will only accept raw meat from you, not boiled meat".

7. If the person making the sacrifice said "but I have to burn the fat off (or boil it) first, then you can have it". 

8. The priest servant would respond "no, give it now. If you don't I'll take it by force"

9. Therefore, Hophni and Phineas' sin was very great

10. None of this was considered the proper priest portion of the peace offering.

11. Burning of the fat:

Lev 7:23-25 

23 Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, Ye shall eat no fat, of ox, or sheep, or goat. 24 And the fat of that which dieth of itself, and the fat of that which is torn of beasts, may be used for any other service; but ye shall in no wise eat of it. 25 For whosoever eateth the fat of the beast, of which men offer an offering made by fire unto Jehovah, even the soul that eateth it shall be cut off from his people.

12. priest’s portion of every peace offering:

Lev 7:31-35 

31 And the priest shall burn the fat upon the altar; but the breast shall be Aaron's and his sons'. 32 And the right thigh shall ye give unto the priest for a heave-offering out of the sacrifices of your peace-offerings. 33 He among the sons of Aaron that offereth the blood of the peace-offerings, and the fat, shall have the right thigh for a portion. 34 For the wave-breast and the heave-thigh have I taken of the children of Israel out of the sacrifices of their peace-offerings, and have given them unto Aaron the priest and unto his sons as their portion for ever from the children of Israel. 35 This is the anointing-portion of Aaron, and the anointing-portion of his sons, out of the offerings of Jehovah made by fire, in the day when he presented them to minister unto Jehovah in the priest's office

1 Sam 2:18-21

18 But Samuel ministered before Jehovah, being a child, girded with a linen ephod. 19 Moreover his mother made him a little robe, and brought it to him from year to year, when she came up with her husband to offer the yearly sacrifice. 20 And Eli blessed Elkanah and his wife, and said, Jehovah give thee seed of this woman for the petition which was asked of Jehovah. And they went unto their own home. 21 And Jehovah visited Hannah, and she conceived, and bare three sons and two daughters. And the child Samuel grew before Jehovah.

Summary

1. Vs18 Back in Shiloh, Samuel, a child, ministers before the Lord wearing a linen ephod. (Priestly garment)

2. Vs19 When mom and dad would make their yearly sacrificial visit to Shiloh, mom would bring a little robe for Samuel.

3. Vs20 Eli blessed Hannah and Elkanah saying  "May the Lord give you seed in return for the loan (Samuel) that you gave to the Lord." And they went into their home.

4. Vs21 The Lord visited Hannah and she gave birth to three sons and two daughters. Samuel continued to grow and the Lord was constantly with him.

1 Sam 2:22-25

22 Now Eli was very old; and he heard all that his sons did unto all Israel, and how that they lay with the women that did service at the door of the tent of meeting. 23 And he said unto them, Why do ye such things? for I hear of your evil dealings from all this people. 24 Nay, my sons; for it is no good report that I hear: ye make Jehovah's people to transgress. 25 If one man sin against another, God shall judge him; but if a man sin against Jehovah, who shall entreat for him? Notwithstanding, they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because Jehovah was minded to slay them.

Summary

1. Vs22 Eli is very old. And he hears all his sons had done to Israel. Did he just find out?

1. They didn't know God

2. stole sacrifices from God

3. Lay with women who served at the door of the Tent of Meeting

4. Great evil. God was VERY patient with them

2. Vs23 Eli says "why are you doing these things that I'm hearing about? I hear about your evil doings from all the people" 

3. Vs24 "I'm not hearing good reports about you. You cause God's people to not serve him.

4. Vs25 "If a person sins against another, God will meditate (or intercede) for him"

5. Vs25 "but if a person sins against the Lord, who will intercede (or meditate) for him. (Same word)

6. Vs25 But they didn't listen to their father because God wanted to put them to death.

1 Sam 2:26-29

26 And the child Samuel grew on, and increased in favor both with Jehovah, and also with men. 27 And there came a man of God unto Eli, and said unto him, Thus saith Jehovah, Did I reveal myself unto the house of thy father, when they were in Egypt in bondage to Pharaoh's house? 28 and did I choose him out of all the tribes of Israel to be my priest, to go up unto mine altar, to burn incense, to wear an ephod before me? and did I give unto the house of thy father all the offerings of the children of Israel made by fire? 29 Wherefore kick ye at my sacrifice and at mine offering, which I have commanded in my habitation, and honorest thy sons above me, to make yourselves fat with the chiefest of all the offerings of Israel my people? 

Summary

1. Vs26 Samuel continued growing, in favor with God and men.

2. Vs27 A man of God comes to Eli and says:

1. "Thus saith the Lord, didn't I plainly appear to the house of thy father, when they were in Egypt to Pharaoh's house?"

Who is being referred to here? Aaron

3. Vs28 …he continues…

1. "And didn't I choose him out of all the tribes of Israel to be my priest"

Who is being referred to here? Tribe of Levi

2. "to offer upon mine altar burnt incense and to wear an ephod before me?"

3. "and didn't I give unto the house of thy father all the offerings of the children of Israel made by fire?"

What's the point? His son's took the uncooked or raw meat people's sacrifice (or offerings)

4. Vs29 continued

1. Why do you kick at My sacrifice and My offering which I have commanded in My dwelling place?

2. and honor your sons more than Me, to make yourselves fat with the best of all the offerings of Israel My people?’

Ut oh! Yikes!

1 Sam 2:30- 

30 Therefore Jehovah, the God of Israel, saith, I said indeed that thy house, and the house of thy father, should walk before me for ever: but now Jehovah saith, Be it far from me; for them that honor me I will honor, and they that despise me shall be lightly esteemed. 31 Behold, the days come, that I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father's house, that there shall not be an old man in thy house. 32 And thou shalt behold the affliction of my habitation, in all the wealth which God shall give Israel; and there shall not be an old man in thy house for ever. 33 And the man of thine, whom I shall not cut off from mine altar, shall be to consume thine eyes, and to grieve thy heart; and all the increase of thy house shall die in the flower of their age. 34 And this shall be the sign unto thee, that shall come upon thy two sons, on Hophni and Phinehas: in one day they shall die both of them. 35 And I will raise me up a faithful priest, that shall do according to that which is in my heart and in my mind: and I will build him a sure house; and he shall walk before mine anointed for ever. 36 And it shall come to pass, that every one that is left in thy house shall come and bow down to him for a piece of silver and a loaf of bread, and shall say, Put me, I pray thee, into one of the priests' offices, that I may eat a morsel of bread.

Summary

1. Vs30 The man of God continues "although I had stated that your house shall walk before me forever, I've changed my mind. Them that honor me I will honor and those that the despise me I will treat with contempt"

2. Vs31 "I will destroy your seed and the seed of your father's house."

3. Vs32 "distress will settle to live in your household. And despite all the good that I do in Israel there will never be an old man in your house forever" (or in my house forever)

4. Vs33 "Any of you whom I don’t eliminate from serving at my altar will grow tired from weeping, and their souls will grieve. All the increase of your family will die by violence."

5. Vs34 Here’s a sign for you—your two sons Hophni and Phineas will both die on the same day!

6. Vs35 And I’ll raise up for myself a faithful priest who will do according to what is in my heart and according to my desire. I’ll build for him an enduring house and he will walk before my anointed one forever.

7. Vs36 Anyone who remains in your family will come and prostrate themselves before him for a small wage or a loaf of bread and will say, “Please put me in one of the priest’s offices so I can eat a piece of bread.”’”